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ReferenceGlossary

Glossary

Alphabetical reference of terms used across FrankenTUI’s codebase and documentation. Each entry is at most three sentences and links to its primary detail page.

A

Alpha-investing — Sequential FDR-control procedure that allocates a “wealth” budget to hypotheses and only spends alpha when rejecting one. Used to run many concurrent statistical monitors (BOCPD, CUSUM, conformal, e-process) without false-alarm inflation. See /intelligence/change-detection/alpha-investing.

Alt-screen — Terminal mode that switches to a separate alternate buffer; the original screen is restored on exit. FrankenTUI supports it but defaults to inline mode. See /concepts/screen-modes.

ANSI — American National Standards Institute, source of the terminal- control encoding (ESC [ …) that FrankenTUI emits and parses. See /reference/ansi-sequences.

B

Back buffer — The buffer being rendered to (the desired next state); compared against the front buffer to compute a diff. See /render/cell-and-buffer.

Bayes factor — Ratio of marginal likelihoods for two hypotheses; used in FrankenTUI’s resize coalescer to decide between steady and burst regimes. See /intelligence/bayesian-inference/diff-strategy.

BOCPD — Bayesian Online Change-Point Detection; Adams & MacKay’s run- length-posterior algorithm used by the resize coalescer to detect regime changes online. See /intelligence/change-detection/bocpd.

Buffer — 2D row-major array of Cells representing display state. The back buffer is diffed against the front buffer each frame. See /render/cell-and-buffer.

BufferDiff — Algorithm that computes the set of changed cells between two buffers; implements Theorem 2 in the safety & correctness proof sketches.

C

Cell — 16-byte record at one grid position: content (char or GraphemeId), fg, bg, and style attrs. The canonical unit of rendering. See /render/cell-and-buffer.

ChangeRun — Contiguous horizontal span of changed cells, used by the presenter as the unit of ANSI emission. See /render/diff.

Cmd — Enum of side effects returned by Model::update; executed by the effect queue rather than run synchronously. See /runtime/commands.

Command Palette — Fuzzy-find widget that ranks commands via a Bayesian evidence ledger combining recency, frequency, and user preference. See /widgets/command-palette.

Conformal prediction — Distribution-free method that converts point predictions into prediction sets with a guaranteed marginal coverage probability. FrankenTUI uses Mondrian conformal prediction for frame-time risk gating. See /intelligence/conformal-prediction/mondrian.

CSI — Control Sequence Introducer, ESC [; starts the majority of ANSI escape sequences. See /reference/ansi-sequences.

CUP / CHA — CUP (CSI {r};{c} H) moves the cursor to an absolute row and column; CHA (CSI {c} G) moves to a column within the current row. See /reference/ansi-sequences.

CUSUM — Cumulative Sum chart; a classic SPC technique used by FrankenTUI as a hover stabilizer and in budget-alert pipelines. See /intelligence/change-detection/cusum.

D

Damped spring — Critically-damped harmonic oscillator used by FrankenTUI’s animation system to produce smooth settling without overshoot. See /core/events-and-input.

DECSTBM — DEC Set Top and Bottom Margin (CSI {top};{bottom} r). Scopes scrolling to a region; used by the inline-mode scroll-region strategy. See /concepts/screen-modes.

DEC 2026 sync — Terminal synchronization mode (CSI ? 2026 h/l) that batches output updates so the user sees atomic frame flips. See ADR-002.

Diff strategy — Choice between full, dirty-row, and tile-skip buffer diffs, selected per frame via a Bayesian posterior. See /render/diff.

Dirty row / Dirty span — Row or horizontal span flagged as containing at least one changed cell. The presenter only emits output for dirty spans. See /render/diff.

Duty cycle — Fraction of wall time a process spends in a given regime (e.g. burst vs. steady); used in the resize coalescer. See /runtime/commands.

E

e-process — Anytime-valid test martingale: a non-negative process whose expectation is bounded by 1 under the null, enabling safe continuous monitoring. See /intelligence/e-processes.

Effect queue — Backpressure-aware queue that executes Cmds and emits telemetry on queue depth, drops, and coalescing. See /runtime/rollout/effect-queue.

Event — Raw terminal input in ftui-core: Key, Mouse, Resize, Paste, Focus, Tick. Feeds both the model and the gesture recognizer. See /core/events-and-input.

Evidence ledger — Structured record of scored candidates; used by the command palette to make its ranking auditable. See /widgets/command-palette.

Evidence sink — JSONL file or stdout destination that receives deterministic decision logs (diff strategy, resize, BOCPD). See /runtime/evidence-sink.

F

Fenwick tree — Binary-indexed tree for O(log n) prefix sums; powers the virtualized list widget’s height prediction. See /widgets/virtualized-list.

Focus graph — Directed graph that drives Tab-order traversal in the a11y and focus-management subsystems. See /a11y-i18n/focus-graph.

Frame — Render-pass object combining a Buffer, cursor position, and hit grid; represents the desired terminal state for one tick. See /render/frame.

Frame budget — Per-frame time target (default 16ms for 60 FPS); drives the degradation cascade when exceeded. See /operations/frame-budget.

G

GRAPA — Generalized Rank-based Anytime-valid Procedure; the framework underlying FrankenTUI’s e-process budget alerts. See /intelligence/e-processes.

GraphemeId — 32-bit reference to an interned grapheme cluster in the GraphemePool. Encodes pool slot (24 bits) + display width (7 bits) so most cells can avoid a pool lookup. See /render/grapheme-pool.

Grapheme pool — Reference-counted interned storage for complex grapheme clusters that don’t fit in 4 bytes. See /render/grapheme-pool.

H

Hyperlink (OSC 8) — Terminal-level clickable link: ESC ] 8 ; ; URL ST opens, ESC ] 8 ; ; ST closes. FrankenTUI tracks link state per cell. See /widgets/hyperlinks.

I

Inline mode — Default screen mode that preserves scrollback and pins the UI to a fixed region. See /concepts/screen-modes.

IVM — Incremental View Maintenance; propagates deltas through a DAG of operators rather than recomputing entire views. Used in FrankenTUI’s RenderPlan. See /intelligence/ivm.

J

Jain’s fairness index — Ratio (Σxᵢ)² / (n · Σxᵢ²) measuring how evenly a resource is shared; used by the input guard to detect render work starving input processing. See /widgets/observability-widgets.

K

Kitty keyboard protocol — Progressive keyboard-reporting extension that disambiguates escape codes and reports press/release/repeat events. See /reference/ansi-sequences.

L

Lens — Compositional getter/putter satisfying GetPut and PutGet laws; used in ftui-runtime to focus updates on a subfield of the model. See /runtime/lenses.

Live region — ARIA-inspired a11y concept: a region whose changes should be announced to assistive tech. FrankenTUI emits live-region updates via the accessibility tree. See /a11y-i18n/a11y-tree.

M

Magnetic docking — Pane-snap behavior where a dragged pane snaps to neighboring edges; includes a ghost preview. See /layout/panes/magnetic-docking.

Model (trait) — Elm-style trait Model<Message> with init/update/view; the core of the runtime programming model. See /runtime/model-trait.

MPC — Model Predictive Control; used in ftui-runtime to evaluate control-policy candidates for budget pacing. See /intelligence/control-theory.

O

One-writer rule — Invariant that only one entity writes to stdout at a time; enforced by TerminalWriter ownership. See /operations/one-writer-rule.

Operation (pane) — Discrete pane-tree mutation (split, close, resize) recorded on the operations timeline for undo/redo/replay. See /layout/panes/operations-and-timeline.

OSC 8 — See Hyperlink.

P

PAC-Bayes — Generalization bound framework used to validate FrankenTUI’s Bayesian ranking choices. See /intelligence/bayesian-inference/hint-ranking.

Pane (HSplit/VSplit/Leaf) — Node of the PaneTree: a split is an internal node, a leaf holds a widget. See /layout/panes/pane-tree.

PaneTree — Binary tree of Panes that describes the workspace layout. Drag-resize and magnetic docking operate on this tree. See /layout/panes/pane-tree.

PID / PI — Proportional-Integral(-Derivative) controller used for frame- budget pacing; FrankenTUI tunes gains for 16ms targets. See /intelligence/control-theory.

Presenter — State-tracked ANSI emitter that converts a Frame into bytes on the wire; implements the reset+apply strategy from ADR-002. See /render/presenter.

ProgramConfig — Builder for runtime configuration (screen mode, mouse policy, evidence sink, rollout lane). See /runtime/program-config.

R

RAII — Resource Acquisition Is Initialization; cleanup is tied to Drop. TerminalSession::Drop restores raw mode and features even on panic. See /core/terminal-session.

Raw mode — Terminal mode with unbuffered input; keys are delivered immediately without line-editing. See /core/terminal-session.

Rollout lane — One of Legacy, Structured, or Asupersync; selects the runtime execution backend for shadow runs and migration. See /runtime/rollout/lanes.

Rope — Balanced tree of text chunks backing the text editor; supports O(log n) insertions and splits. See /text/rope.

Rough-path signature — Truncated Chen-series signature of a path; used by FrankenTUI’s gesture system for trajectory-aware inputs. See /intelligence/rough-path-signatures.

S

S3-FIFO — Sieve/Stochastic/Small FIFO cache admission policy; used in the grapheme-pool admission cache. See /render/grapheme-pool.

SAT — Summed-Area Table; 2D prefix-sum for O(1) rectangle queries. Powers the tile-skip diff path. See /render/diff.

Scissor stack — Push/pop stack of clipping rectangles with monotonically decreasing intersection; prevents child clips from enlarging parents’. See /render/frame.

Screen modeInline (preserves scrollback) or AltScreen (full- screen). See /concepts/screen-modes.

Scrollback — Terminal history buffer above the active view. Inline mode is scrollback-safe; alt-screen is not. See /concepts/screen-modes.

Session (terminal) — See TerminalSession.

Shadow run — Running two runtime lanes in parallel and comparing frame checksums to prove semantic equivalence. See /runtime/rollout/shadow-run.

Smith’s rule — SRPT/WSPT scheduling heuristic weight / time; used in the effect-queue prioritizer. See /intelligence/scheduling.

Snapshot test — Test that compares byte-exact output against a saved .txt or .jsonl baseline. Update with BLESS=1 cargo test. See /testing/snapshot-tests.

SOS barrier — Sum-of-squares polynomial barrier certificate used for frame-budget admissibility; precomputed offline via semidefinite programming. See /intelligence/sos-barrier.

SRPT — Shortest Remaining Processing Time; scheduling discipline used by the effect queue. See /intelligence/scheduling.

Stylesheet — Named-style registry for the cascading style system. See /style/stylesheet.

Subscription — Declarative event source (ticks, IO, resize) reconciled by the runtime each frame. See /runtime/subscriptions.

Summed-area table — See SAT.

T

TableTheme — 3,500-line theming engine for the Table widget; handles row/col striping, header styling, selection. See /style/table-theme.

Telemetry schema — Canonical OTEL event/span schema; versioned 1.0.0. See /reference/telemetry-events.

TerminalCapabilities — Detected terminal features: color profile, mux presence, sync output, kitty keyboard. Drives inline-mode strategy. See /core/capabilities.

TerminalSession — RAII guard that owns terminal state and restores it on Drop, even under panic. See /core/terminal-session.

TerminalWriter — Single gate for all terminal output; enforces the one- writer rule. See /operations/one-writer-rule.

Test martingale — Non-negative process whose expectation under the null is bounded by 1; the formal device underlying e-processes. See /intelligence/e-processes.

Timeline (pane) — History of pane operations enabling undo/redo/replay. See /layout/panes/operations-and-timeline.

V

VOI — Value of Information; the expected decision utility gain from an additional sample. FrankenTUI uses VOI sampling to pick which hints/commands to re-rank. See /intelligence/voi-sampling.

W

WCAG 2.1 contrast — Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.1 contrast ratios (AA = 4.5:1 body, AAA = 7:1). FrankenTUI ships contrast-check utilities. See /a11y-i18n/contrast-checking.

Widget — Implementor of the Widget trait; renders itself into a Frame within a given Rect. See /widgets/traits.

WidgetId — Opaque identifier for a widget instance; used by the focus manager and hit grid. See /widgets/focus.

W-TinyLFU — Window-TinyLFU cache admission policy, used in the width cache. See /text/grapheme-width.

Z

ZWJ — Zero Width Joiner (U+200D); Unicode combining mark that joins graphemes into compound emojis (e.g. family emoji). See /text/normalization.

See Also